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Year :2023
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Month :
October
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Volume :
11
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Issue :
4
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Page :
PO01 - PO06
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Mortality and Morbidity among Neonates Born to COVID-19 Positive Mothers in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Chennai: An Ambispective Cohort Study
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Correspondence Address :
Rajagopal Velu Aswini, Sridevi A Naaraayan, Krishnaswami Devimeenakshi,
Dr. Krishnaswami Devimeenakshi,
Professor, Department of Paediatics, Government Kilpauk Medical College, Poonamalle High Road, Kilpauk, Chennai-600010, Tamil Nadu, India.
E-mail: drdevi_1804@yahoo.in
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Introduction: The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, has had varied clinical impacts across different age groups. Understanding the morbidity and mortality rates among neonates born to COVID-19 positive mothers is crucial for ensuring preparedness within the healthcare system.
Aim: To compare the morbidity and mortality rates of newborns born to COVID-19 positive and negative mothers.
Materials and Methods: This ambispective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India between August 2021 and October 2022. Newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 at the time of delivery were classified as cases, while newborns born to the next two COVID-19 negative pregnant women who delivered immediately after the COVID-19 positive mother were considered as controls. The study included a sample of 214 COVID-19 positive mothers and 426 COVID-19 negative mothers. Clinical data were recorded, and all newborns were followed for one week to assess their morbidity and outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine whether COVID-19 infection is a risk factor for adverse neonatal outcomes.
Results: Among the newborns, 357 (55.8%) were females, and 333 (52%) were delivered via caesarean section. Of the newborns, 39 (6.1%) were preterm and 95 (14.8%) had low birth weight. The overall mortality rate was 1.25%. Four (1.8%) neonates tested positive for COVID-19. Logistic regression analysis revealed that caesarean section, respiratory distress syndrome, and prematurity were statistically significant morbidities associated with maternal COVID-19 positive status. The odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) were 4.090 (2.840-5.882) for caesarean section, 2.291 (1.508-3.480) for respiratory distress syndrome, and 2.359 (1.181-4.712) for prematurity. The mortality and other morbidities were similar between the two groups.
Conclusion: Respiratory distress syndrome and prematurity were the common morbidities observed in newborns born to COVID-19 positive mothers.
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