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Year :2020
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Month :
July
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Volume :
8
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Issue :
3
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Page :
PO27 - PO32
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A Prospective Study to Assess the Predictors of Neonatal Mortality among very Low Birth Weight Neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Teaching Hospital of Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Correspondence Address :
Nagendra Bagri, Ram Kumar Panika, Vikas Gupta, Inder K Nathani, Vikas Gupta,
F-306, GMC Campus, Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh, India.
E-mail: drvikasgupta1988@gmail.com
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Introduction: Around 4-7% of the live births are Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) neonates and their mortality is very high (50%). The survival of this population of infants is closely related to various factors which include maternal factors (significant obstetric problems, use of antenatal steroids etc.), gestational age, Apgar Scores and Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). With identification of predictors, it is possible to prevent, particularly aiming the improvement of newborn children care.
Aim: To determine the predictors of neonatal mortality among VLBW neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at teaching hospital of Raipur, Chhattisgarh.
Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective study carried out among all premature newborns weighing less than 1,500 grams and more than 26 weeks admitted to NICU with a sample size of 129. The data was prospectively recorded on a standard proforma and their outcome was monitored post birth till 28 days. If the neonate was discharged prior to 28 days, telephonic follow-up was done weekly to monitor the newborn outcomes at home. A bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test or Fisher-exact test, where appropriate, was performed to evaluate differences between groups for categorised variables. All tests were performed at a 5% level of significance; thus, an association was significant if the p-value was less than 0.05. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% CI (association between mortality and qualitative variables) to eliminate confounders.
Results: The binominal multivariate logistic regression analysis of predictors of neonatal mortality and adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was obtained and most of birth and maternal variables such as birth weight, gestational age, foetal distress and non use of antenatal steroids were statistically significant except sex, required assisted ventilation, initiation of enteral feeding, maternal fever and premature rupture of membrane.
Conclusion: The present study identifies the risk factors associated with mortality in VLBW neonates and helps in prioritising them so that health care workers can intervene and prevent mortality in these neonates. There is therefore a need of such infants requiring care at centers, which have adequately trained staff with appropriately developed support infrastructure.
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