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Year :2026
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Month :
April
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Volume :
14
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Issue :
2
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Page :
PO15 - PO18
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Clinical Profile and Outcome of Neonates Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Correspondence Address :
Anand Bhattar, Ashok Bhattar, Arun Rathod, Rajesh Kumar Shukla, Ketan Kumar Khot, Abhinav Tiwari,
Abhinav Tiwari,
Flat No 607, Maruti Homes, Mohaba Bazar, Raipur, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
E-mail: abhinavt21@gmail.com
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Introduction: Neonatal morbidity and mortality are major public health challenges in India, particularly in resource-limited regions. Understanding the clinical profile and outcomes of neonates admitted to tertiary-care Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is essential for improving neonatal survival and guiding region-specific health strategies.
Aim: To evaluate the clinical profile, morbidity pattern, management practices, and outcomes of neonates admitted to a tertiary-care NICU in central India and to assess factors associated with mortality.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted from October 2018 to March 2019 in the NICU of a tertiary-care hospital in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. Both inborn and outborn neonates with gestational age ≥28 weeks and birth weight ≥800 g admitted during the study period were included. Of 953 admitted neonates, 939 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data regarding demographic characteristics, clinical diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes were collected using a structured proforma. Continuous variables were expressed as mean±standard deviation, and categorical variables as n (%). Associations with mortality were analysed using Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, wherever appropriate. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Among 939 neonates, 606 (64.5%) were male and 494 (52.6%) were admitted within 48 hours of life. Preterm neonates constituted 318 (33.9%), and 436 (46.4%) had low birth weight (<2.5 kg). The most common morbidities were hyperbilirubinaemia 518 (55.2%), neonatal sepsis 372 (39.6%), Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) 179 (19.1%), and birth asphyxia 183 (19.5%). The overall mortality was 15 (1.6%). Neonatal sepsis accounted for 8/15 (53.3%) deaths, followed by birth asphyxia 4/15 (26.7%). No statistically significant association with mortality was observed for the studied demographic and perinatal variables on bivariate analysis.
Conclusion: Hyperbilirubinaemia and neonatal sepsis were the most frequent causes of NICU admission, while infections and birth asphyxia were the leading causes of mortality. Strengthening antenatal care, infection control practices, early referral systems, and parental counseling may further improve neonatal outcomes in tertiary-care settings.
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