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Year :2026
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Month :
April
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Volume :
14
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Issue :
2
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Page :
PO06 - PO10
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Early Onset Sepsis and its Relation with Maternal Vaginal Infection: A Prospective Observational Study
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Correspondence Address :
Kiran Kumar Haridas, Tessa Shelly, Kalthi Vaishnavi, Kala Shanker Dussa, Polasa Ramesh,
Dr. Kiran Kumar Haridas,
Consultant Neonatologist and Paediatrician, Prashanthi Hospital Brahmanwada,
Machali Bazar Road, Hanamkonda-506011, Warangal, Telangana, India.
E-mail: kkiranharidas@gmail.com
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Introduction: The risk of Early Onset Sepsis (EOS) is higher in newborns born to mothers with vaginal infections. High Vaginal Swab (HVS) is a simple technique for identifying causative organisms and for early detection of newborns at risk of sepsis. This method helps us to detect the organism in the vaginal canal, and thus help in understanding the causative organism and early initiation of empiric antibiotics for EOS in newborn infant.
Aim: To evaluate the role of HVS culture in detecting the maternal vaginal infection and its relationship with EOS in newborns.
Materials and Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted at Department of Paediatrics, Prashanthi Hospital a tertiary care hospital at Warangal, Telangana state of India, over a period of two years, extending from June 2022 to May 2024. The study included all mothers with term gestation having vaginal discharge, Prolonged Rupture of Membranes (PROM) and chorioamnionitis. A total of 112 cases were collected, from the mothers included age, parity, delivery method, PROM, presence of chorioamnionitis, and maternal fever. The neonatal birth weight, gender, A- Appearance (skin color), P- Pulse (heart rate), G- Grimace (reflex irritability), A- Activity (muscle tone) and R- Respiration (breathing effort)(APGAR) scores, need for resuscitation, respiratory distress, lethargy, feeding difficulty, and need for treatment along with lab parameters were collected. Chi-square test was applied to test the association between the maternal HVS status and early onset neonatal sepsis. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The mean age of mothers was 26±2.47 years. Among 112 patients with suspected infection, HVS culture was positive in 75 (66.9%) and was found to be culture negative in 37 (33.1%) of women. The newborns, who were born to mothers who’s HVS culture was positive, 64 (85.3%) of newborns had sepsis screen positive. The association between the maternal HVS positive culture and sepsis screen in newborn were statistically significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The risk of developing EOS in newborns born to mother with vaginal infection is high. Hence, HVS is simple and easy technique to identify the causative organism and prevent the morbidity and mortality in both mother and newborns.
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