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Year :2016
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Month :
January
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Volume :
4
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Issue :
1
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Page :
1 - 6
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Clinico-epidemiological Study of Cutaneous Findings in Neonates in a Hospital Setting in Nepal
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Correspondence Address :
Sahisnuta Basnet, Brijesh Sathian, Ajay Kumar, Tejesh Malla,
Dr. Sahisnuta Basnet,
MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal.
E-mail: sahisb@hotmail.com
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Introduction: Though cutaneous manifestations in the neonates are a common occurrence, its frequency has not been well documented in the Nepalese population. Majority of the lesions present in this age group are benign and transient but some require further attention. It is important to differentiate the presence of benign cutaneous manifestations in the newborns from the more serious dermatoses which need additional management.
Aim: To determine the patterns of various cutaneous manifestations in a sample of Nepalese neonates and to report the relationship of the commonest dermatoses with neonatal variables .
Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study, where we sought to determine the various types of cutaneous manifestations in 504 newborns who were either delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology or admitted in the NICU of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal.
Results: The commonest skin lesions seen were: Erythema toxicum neonatorum (34.1%), physiological jaundice (32.7%), Mongolian spot (28.8%), Milia (23.6%), Epstein pearl (18.8%) and Lanugo hair (17.5%). Erythema toxicum neonatorum, jaundice, Mongolian spot and Lanugo hair were found to be significantly related to birth weight (p<0.05). The presence of physiological jaundice was significantly higher in neonates delivered vaginally whereas Epstein pearl was observed more in babies born through caesarean section. Positive correlation was noted between Erythema toxicum neonatorum, Mongolian spot and Epstein pearl with the race of the baby.
Conclusion: In this study we found that the majority of the skin lesions seen among the neonates were benign and transient. With this study we intend to increase the awareness of the various skin lesions in neonates among the paediatricians to enable them to treat or reassure the parents.
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