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Role of Haematological Markers in Predicting Short-term Outcome in Neonates with Birth Asphyxia |
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| Correspondence
Address : Dr. Sharath Keerthy, No 107, PG-2 Hostel, BLDE University Campus, Bangaramma Sajjan Campus, Vijayapur, Karnataka, India. E-mail: drsharath03@gmail.com |
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Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a major global cause of neurological morbidity and mortality in neonates. In a developing country with major over population crisis, a large number of deliveries occur in peripheral healthcare facilities and at home by trained and untrained birth attendants in a very minimal infrastructure. In these scenarios, an accurate and reliable marker for birth asphyxia is needed for both diagnostic as well as prognostic evaluation. Aim: To study neonates with birth asphyxia in terms of Nucleated RBC (NRBC) and Reticulocyte Count in cord blood and/or neonatal venous blood and correlate it with the short-term outcome (up to discharge). Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study conducted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in teaching hospital affiliated with medical college involving 125 term neonates with birth asphyxia. Cord blood/peripheral venous blood collected within six hours of birth was used for preparation of peripheral smear for evaluating NRBC count and Reticulocyte count. Reticulocyte counts more than 7% were considered high/positive and NRBC counts more than 10/100 WBC’s were considered high/positive. Duration of NICU stay more than five days was considered significant among asphyxiated babies. Babies less than 37 weeks gestational age or with birth weight less than 1500 g, syndromic babies or with any congenital anomalies were excluded. Results: Both NRBC counts and Reticulocyte counts were statistically significant with relation to duration of NICU stay. NRBC counts were statistically significant with relation to Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) staging, even though Reticulocyte counts were higher in neonates with higher staging of the disease it was statistically not significant. Both NRBC counts and Reticulocyte counts were statistically not significant with relation to neurological outcome at discharge. Conclusion: It can be concluded that NRBC count and Reticulocyte count are simple markers for assessment of severity and early outcomes of perinatal asphyxia and duration of stay in NICU. |
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